Galanin Prepropeptide （GAL） which is localized in brain pathways is involved in both cognition and affect， and also inhibits learning and memory by inhibiting neurotransmitter release and neuronal firing rate. GAL is a part of the galanin family and modulates a variety of physiological processed including cognition/memory， sensory/pain processing， neurotransmitter/hormone secretion， and feeding behavior. Galanin Prepropeptide is upregulated in primary afferent and sympathetic neurones and is required for the development of sympathetic perineuronal baskets subsequent to nerve injury.
