In AraBidopsis, MPK3 (AT3G45640) , MPK4 (AT4G01370) , and MPK6 (AT2G43790) are the Best characterized memBers of the MAPK family and have also Been demonstrated to Be part of the ABA signal transduction pathway. MPK6 is induced By pathogens, ethylene Biosynthesis, oxidative stress and osmotic stress. Also is involved in ovule development.