The family of EF-hand type Ca2+-binding proteins includes Calbindin (previously designated vitamin D-dependent Ca2+-binding protein), S-100 α and β, Cal-granulins A (also designated MRP8), B (also designated MRP14) and C (S-100 like proteins) and the parvalbumin family members, including parvalbumin α and parvalbumin β (also designated oncomodulin). Calbindin, S-100 proteins and parvalbumin proteins are each expressed in neural tissues.