Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) is a hormonally regulated water channel located in the renal collecting duct. Mutations in the AQP2 gene cause hereditary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in humans (Iolascon et al.,2007). A vasopressin induced cAMP increase results in the phosphorylation of AQP2 at serine-256 and its translocation from the intracellular vesicles to the apical membrane of principal cells (van Balkom et al., 2002). Recently, serine-264 has been identified as a novel phosphorylation site on AQP2 and shown to be regulated by vasopressin thus implicating this site as important in AQP2 trafficking and subcellular distribution (Fenton RA et al., 2008).
