Caspase-1 (also known as ICE) is a prototypical member of the caspase-family of cysteine proteases. Caspase-1 exists in cells as an inactive 45 kDa proenzyme. The pro-enzyme is matured by proteolysis to yield large (20 kDa) and small (10 kDa) subunits. The active caspase-1 is a heterotetramer consisting of two large and two small subunits. To date the regulatory mechanism of caspase-1 activation and the role of caspase-1 in apoptosis are poorly understood. In THP-1 cells, a large proportion of the caspase-1 is present in the inactive proenzyme form. The recombinant rat caspase-1 was expressed in E. coli as a single polypeptide of 284 amino acids with molecular weight of 34.6. The caspase-1 is purified and activated by proprietary techniques.
