Insulin is a peptide hormone produced in beta-cells of the Langerhans islets. The main effect of insulin is the decrease of glucose concentration in plasma. Insulin increases the penetrability of plasmatic membranes for glucose, activates key glycolysis enzymes, stimulates glycogen formation in liver and muscles, enhances lipid and protein biosynthesis. Insulin also inhibits activity of lipolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes. Insufficient insulin secretion as a result of beta-cells destruction - an absolute insulin deficiency - is a key element of type I diabetes pathogenesis. Decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin - a relative insulin deficiency - plays an important role in the development of type I diabetes. This protein is from Human.
